We often hear the term "Sub-Saharan Africa". What area does this term refer to?
Sub-Saharan Africa is a geographical term used to describe the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara, or those African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara.
It contrasts with North Africa, which is considered a part of the Arab World.
The Sahel is the transitional zone between the Sahara and the tropical savanna (the Sudan region) and forest-savanna mosaic to the south.
The Horn of Africa and large parts of Sudan are geographically part of sub-Saharan Africa, but nevertheless show strong Middle Eastern influence and are also part of the Arab world.
The Sub-Saharan region is also known as Black Africa, in reference to its many black populations.
Simplified climatic map of Africa: Sub-Saharan Africa consists of the arid
Sahel and the
Horn of Africa in the north (yellow), the
tropical savannas (light green) and the
tropical rainforests (dark green) of
Equatorial Africa, and the arid
Kalahari Basin (yellow) and the "
Mediterranean" south coast (olive) of
Southern Africa. The numbers shown correspond to the dates of
iron artifacts associated with the
Bantu expansion.